Peran Instagram dalam Pembentukan Identitas Remaja di Era Digital
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Sep 10, 2025
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This study aims to examine the role of Instagram in shaping and expressing adolescent self-identity in the digital era, with a focus on Cilegon City. Adolescence is a pivotal stage of identity development, where social media functions as a space for self-presentation, social validation, and relationship-building. Employing a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method, this research involved five adolescents aged 16–20 who were purposively selected based on their active Instagram use and engagement in digital interactions. Data were collected through account observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of Instagram activities. The findings indicate that Instagram is utilized to construct an ideal self-image, express values and emotions, and gain social acknowledgment. However, the pressure to maintain a perfect appearance also triggers psychological risks such as anxiety and a disconnect between online and offline identity. These results demonstrate that Instagram serves not only as a medium for expression but also as a complex social arena in adolescent identity formation. The study underscores the necessity of digital guidance and adaptive media literacy to support adolescent mental health.
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Fauzan, J., & Harahap, H. (2025). Peran Instagram dalam Pembentukan Identitas Remaja di Era Digital. Jurnal Indonesia : Manajemen Informatika Dan Komunikasi, 6(3), 1625-1656. https://doi.org/10.63447/jimik.v6i3.1564
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Baudrillard, J. (1994). Simulacra and simulation. University of Michigan Press.
Boyd, d. (2011). Social network sites as networked publics: Affordances, dynamics, and implications. In Z. Papacharissi (Ed.), A networked self: Identity, community, and culture on social network sites (pp. 39–58). Routledge.
Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210–230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
Chou, H. T. G., & Edge, N. (2012). “They are happier and having better lives than I am”: The impact of using Facebook on perceptions of others’ lives. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(2), 117–121. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0324
Dewi, N. P. A. (2021). Media sosial sebagai sarana ekspresi diri dan aktualisasi remaja. Jurnal Komunikasi dan Media, 3(2), 145–158.
Dewi, R. K. (2021). Identitas diri remaja dalam media sosial Instagram. Jurnal Psikologi Sosial, 9(1), 45–56.
Djajasaputra, A., Setyowati, R., & Hartanti, D. (2021). Self-concept remaja dan kaitannya dengan identitas sosial di media digital. Jurnal Psikologi Remaja, 7(2), 88–99.
Erikson, E. H. (1950). Childhood and society. Norton.
Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. W. W. Norton & Company.
Fitri, I. K. (2020). Instagram dan representasi diri remaja. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Universitas.
Fitri, Y. A. (2020). Instagram dan pembentukan citra diri: Studi konstruktivis pada remaja perempuan pengguna aktif media sosial. Jurnal Komunikasi dan Digital, 6(1), 27–39.
Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Anchor Books.
Idaman, N., & Kencana, R. (2021). Konstruksi identitas remaja di Instagram. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 15(2), 99–112.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publications.
Mahendra, Y. (2017). Transformasi digital dan budaya populer di era Instagram. Jurnal Komunikasi dan Media, 5(1), 21–35.
Marchellia, A., Sari, M. F., & Dini, R. (2022). Instagram dan pembentukan identitas diri remaja. Jurnal Psikologi Remaja Digital, 5(1), 50–65.
Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego-identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(5), 551–558. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023281
Marwick, A. E. (2013). Status update: Celebrity, publicity, and branding in the social media age. Yale University Press.
Marwick, A. E., & Boyd, d. (2011). To see and be seen: Celebrity practice on Twitter. Convergence, 17(2), 139–158. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856510394539
Michikyan, M., Subrahmanyam, K., & Dennis, J. (2014). Facebook use and the development of self-concept in adolescents. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 8(1), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2014-1-5
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1992). Qualitative data analysis: A sourcebook of new methods. Sage Publications.
Moleong, L. J. (2002). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Naninda, T. (2022). Instagram sebagai media ekspresi identitas diri remaja. Jurnal Komunikasi Interaktif, 7(1), 45–58.
Ningrum, T., Ramadhani, R., & Aulia, F. (2019). Pengaruh media sosial terhadap citra diri remaja. Jurnal Psikososial Indonesia, 3(3), 80–92.
Nugraeni, A. (2024). Pengaruh media sosial terhadap identitas remaja. Jurnal Psikologi Digital, 6(1), 33–47.
Nugraha, R. (2022). Dampak era digital terhadap transformasi sosial dan budaya. Jurnal Teknologi dan Masyarakat, 11(2), 95–108.
Nurlela, S., Wahyuni, R., & Hasanuddin, B. (2024). Representasi identitas budaya lokal di media sosial: Studi kasus pada Generasi Z. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 9(2), 122–133.
Pradita, R., Santoso, H., & Lestari, D. (2018). Aktivisme digital di Instagram: Studi kasus gerakan sosial virtual. Jurnal Media dan Masyarakat, 4(2), 33–47.
Prihatiningsih, E. (2017). Dampak Instagram terhadap harga diri remaja. Jurnal Komunikasi Sosial, 4(1), 17–28.
Rusuli, A. (2022). Media sosial dan identitas remaja di era digital: Sebuah pendekatan fenomenologis. Jurnal Komunikasi Global, 11(1), 34–49.
Rusuli, M. R. (2022). Teori identitas Erikson dan pembentukan diri remaja di dunia maya. Jurnal Psikologi Perkembangan, 8(1), 11–26.
Sugianto, B. (2015). Paradigma konstruktivisme dalam penelitian kualitatif komunikasi. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 3(2), 89–98.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Syah, A., Wulandari, N., & Fahmi, M. (n.d.). Instagram sebagai media interaksi sosial remaja. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi dan Media, 7(2), 21–33.
Triananda, A., Wijaya, Y., & Nurfadhilah, A. (2021). Instagram dan aktivisme sosial remaja digital. Jurnal Komunikasi Sosial Digital, 6(1), 88–101.
Tugiah, R., & Jamilus, J. (2022). Peran teknologi digital dalam pendidikan modern: Peluang dan tantangan. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Digital, 6(1), 22–34.
Turkle, S. (1995). Life on the screen: Identity in the age of the Internet. Simon & Schuster.
Turnip, S., Hakim, A., & Lestari, Y. (2021). Media sosial dan aktivisme di era digital. Jurnal Komunikasi Kontemporer, 5(2), 58–72.
Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2011). Online communication and adolescent well-being: Testing the stimulation versus the displacement hypothesis. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 16(2), 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00368.x.